PERANCANGAN WEB GIS UNTUK PEMETAAN JALUR EVAKUASI TERCEPAT BENCANA ALAM DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN ALGORITMA (A-Star)

Cianjur Regency is one of the regions in West Java Province with a high level of vulnerability to natural disasters, such as earthquakes and landslides. A major obstacle in disaster management is the lack of information on fast, safe, and accessible real-time evacuation routes, leading to inefficient evacuation processes. This research aims to design and build a Web-based Geographic Information System (WebGIS) for mapping the fastest evacuation routes in Cianjur Regency by implementing the A-Star (A*) algorithm. The system development method used is Research and Development (R&D) with a prototype model. The system is built on a client-server architecture, with a frontend developed using HTML, CSS, and JavaScript with the Leaflet.js library, while the backend uses PHP and MySQL for data management. The A* algorithm is implemented on the client-side to calculate the shortest route based on road network data in GeoJSON format. The test results show that the system successfully maps evacuation routes interactively and accurately. The A* algorithm was able to determine the fastest route with an average computation time between 127 ms and 156 ms, proving its efficiency and feasibility for use in emergency situations. This system is expected to serve as an effective digital tool for the community and the Regional Disaster Management Agency (BPBD) in supporting decision-making and accelerating the evacuation process during disasters.
Keywords: WebGIS, Evacuation Route, A-Star Algorithm, Natural Disaster, Cianjur Regency