ANALISIS PENGARUH PEMBEBANAN TERHADAP SUSUT UMUR TRANSFORMATOR TENAGA BAT UNIT 1 PLTP GUNUNG SALAK

Power transformers are vital components in electrical systems, functioning to efficiently transfer power from generation units to the distribution network. The operational lifespan of a transformer is significantly influenced by thermal conditions arising from loading levels and ambient temperature. Excessive loading increases the hotspot temperature in windings, which accelerates insulation degradation and contributes to the transformer’s aging process. This study aims to analyze the effect of loading on the aging of the BAT Unit 1 transformer at PLTP Gunung Salak based on the IEC 60076 standard. A quantitative approach was employed by analyzing operational data including load, winding temperature, oil temperature, and ambient temperature during the period of January–December 2024. Based on thermal calculations, it was found that BAT Unit 1, operating at an average load of 152.06 kVA (92.15% of its 165 kVA capacity), had a hotspot temperature of 103.5°C and an aging rate of 1.88 pu/day, resulting in an estimated remaining life of 11.15 years. In comparison, BAT Unit 2 operating at 90% load showed a hotspot temperature of 109.6°C and an aging rate of 3.80 pu/day. The results indicate that operating a transformer near or above its nominal capacity significantly accelerates its aging. Therefore, it is recommended that transformers be operated continuously below 90% of their rated capacity and supported with optimal load monitoring and cooling systems to maintain reliability and extend operational life.
Keywords: Loading, Aging Deterioration, Power Transformer.