OPTIMASI GAS FEE PADA SMART CONTRACT ETHEREUM MENGGUNAKAN TEKNIK BATCH PROCESSING DAN VARIABLE PACKING UNTUK DAPPS CROWDFUNDING

The Ethereum blockchain faces a major challenge of high gas fees, especially during network congestion, hindering users and developers from conducting transactions or running decentralized applications (Dapps). This research aims to design a crowdfunding smart contract using batch processing and variable packing techniques to optimize gas fee efficiency. Batch processing allows the consolidation of multiple
transactions into one, while variable packing enables more efficient utilization of storage slots. The research employed a quantitative methodology, utilizing the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) with a prototyping approach for program
development. Test results show that variable optimization successfully reduced single donation gas fees by up to 14.21% compared to the original smart contract. Batch processing itself demonstrated better efficiency (an average of 0.000169 ETH per
donation) than the original single donation. The combination of both techniques in the optimized smart contract yielded the most optimal efficiency, achieving savings of 34.97% for batch donations per donation compared to the original single donation.
This optimization significantly improves cost efficiency for Ethereum-based crowdfunding Dapps.
Keywords: Ethereum, Gas fee, Batch processing, Variable packing, Smart contract.