PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN PIDANA ANAK PELAKU EKSPLOITASI SEKSUAL TERHADAP ANAK BERDASARKAN HUKUM POSITIF INDONESIA (Analisis Putusan Nomor 21/Pid.Sus-Anak/2023/PN.Yyk)

Child sexual exploitation is a serious crime that has profound impacts on victims. However, when a child becomes the perpetrator of such a crime, as seen in the Yogyakarta District Court case Number 21/Pid.Sus-Anak/2023/PN.Yyk, legal complexities arise, challenging common perceptions of a child's role in crime and criminal responsibility. This study analyzes the application of Indonesian positive law regarding the criminal responsibility of a child in the case of sexual exploitation in the Yogyakarta District Court case Number 21/Pid.Sus- Anak/2023/PN.Yyk. Using a normative juridical method and case study approach, this research examines how child protection principles are applied within the criminal justice system. The findings indicate that applying criminal responsibility to a child as a perpetrator requires a balance between law enforcement and the protection of children's rights. The judge in this case considered the social and psychological factors of the child, focusing on rehabilitation and reintegration. The conclusion emphasizes that the ruling must ensure the principle of proportionality between the punishment given to the child and the impact of the punishment, both for society and for the child victim, to achieve balanced and effective justice.
Keywords: Child Sexual Exploitation, Criminal Responsibility of Children, Juvenile Criminal Justice System